English 303 /Logan Essays - American Film Directors, James Foley

English 303/Logan Paper 4: Compare and Contrast Glengarry Glen Ross + 1; Poems Draft due:Tuesday, December 5. Carry 5 duplicates to class. Last Due:Thursday, December 7, 11pm, Extended: Friday, December 8, 11pm, by means of Canvas Length: 2000 words Value:300 focuses Pick one of the accompanying points for your article 4. As usual, your article should contend a particular, begging to be proven wrong translation on the point and not be simply a review of that theme. Refer to prove from the attempts to help your cases, and use MLA group. (Glengarry Glen Ross, 1992, dir. James Foley, is accessible at the ARC Library, and is accessible for rental by means of Amazon spilling and YouTube.) Glengarry Glen Ross and The Great Gatsby introduce what appear to be altogether different renditions of the American Dreambut would they say they are genuinely so unique? Characterize each work's vision of the Dream (achievement, disappointment, self-creation, opportunity, and uniqueness), investigating their medicines of this topic. Investigate the sexual orientation jobs and desires sensationalized in Glengarry Glen Ross and The Great Gatsby or Brokeback Mountain. Both Glengarry Glen Ross and The Open Boat delineate a little gathering of men battling for endurance. Thoroughly analyze the difficulties each gathering stands up to, how they manage them, and the fellowship and struggle that result. (You may likewise compose on this equivalent subject about Glengarry Glen Ross and The Things They Carried.) Despite the fact that isolated by over a century, Glengarry Glen Ross and Bartleby, the Scrivener delineate their particular times' normal man working lives. Investigate their conditions, social codes, and qualities, just as the value individuals pay to work in these universes. Look into two Poems of the Week (Canvas Modules, breaking down their speakers, topics, and non-literal language (similitude, analogy, images, et al.). You may likewise decide to make your own theme, if it incorporates Glengarry Glen Ross and one other work from our prospectus. Email me ([emailprotected]) with your point proposition for endorsement by Friday, December 1, 11pm, before continuing.

Existence of Reality in Christopher Durangs Beyond Therapy and Edward

Presence of Reality in Christopher Durang's Beyond Therapy and Edward Albee's Who's apprehensive about Virginia Woolf? Growing up, I generally expected that my folks would develop old together. I fantasized about acquainting my future kids with their still-wedded grandparents and joining in, if not specifically arranging, my parent’s fiftieth commemoration festivity. Despite the fact that my folks battled and battled with zones of unending difference, by one way or another things consistently worked out and in my naivety, I accepted they generally would. In any case, as time advanced, the uncertain, and now and again implicit, issues that had tormented my parent’s marriage since its origination rotted and at last arrived at immovable extents. As a chaotic separation lingered, each parent clarified his adaptation of the occasions and â€Å"irreconcilable differences† inducing a partition. In spite of the fact that the realities introduced in each record coordinated, my parent’s separate understandings of the realities varied incredibly. As I tuned in to my parent’s j ustify their powerlessness to get along, I understood that in spite of the fact that my parent’s stories didn't coordinate, neither one of the parties was really lying. Each parent just introduced to me their form of the purposes behind separation. I realized that some place covered up in the subtext of my parent’s clarifications laid reality. As I filtered through the somewhat tangled data, I started to ponder, â€Å"Is reality a relative concept?† After checking on my own understanding, Christopher Durang’s play Beyond Therapy, and Edward Albee’s Who’s terrified of Virginia Woolf?, I arrived at the resolution that, as innately dumbfounding as it appears, reality exists as a relative idea. Apparently, in the complexities of a separation, the genuine reasons requiring a changeless... ...xtremes of forswearing and vouches for the genuine relativity of reality relying on mentality. In the wake of beating her refusal and conceding that no child exists, Martha lies prostrate as George solicits her, â€Å"Who’s terrified of Virginia Woolf?†(242). Martha tediously answers, â€Å"I†¦am†¦George†¦.I†¦am†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (242). As it were, â€Å"Who’s terrified of the truth?† My folks, Stuart of Christopher Durang’s Beyond Therapy, and Martha and George from Thomas Albee’s â€Å"Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?†. Stopping to justify reality to suit one’s necessities involves managing reality and encountering torment. In this manner, it makes sense that many brilliant, sensible individuals succumb to the charm of disavowal. In any case, as Martha illustrates, the dividers disintegrate in the end, and one feels the torment as intensely as could be. Things being what they are, who’s terrified of reality? The more suitable inquiry is who’s not scared of reality?

Free schools Essay

Are an intriguing thought yet the administration should be mindful so as to ensure that instructive guidelines improve for all kids and that the entire network benefits. The idealogy behind â€Å"free Schools â€Å"are that they are non-benefit making, free, state-supported schools. They can pick what subjects they decide for their students to consider and have a lot less limitations forced on them on how they decide to distribute their funds. For this very explanation free schools would be differed in their tendency as they would not be compelled to follow for instance the national educational plan. They are not characterized by size or area: there is anything but a solitary kind of free school or a solitary purpose behind setting them up. Free schools could be either essential or auxiliary schools. They could be situated in conventional school structures or suitable network spaces, for example, places of business or church lobbies. They could be set up by a wide scope of proposers †including good cause, colleges, organizations, instructive gatherings, visionary educators or submitted guardians †who need to have any kind of effect to the instructive scene. They may be required in light of the fact that there just are insufficient school puts in a neighborhood kids need to venture out excessively far to the closest school. Free schools are not scholastically specific and open to offspring all things considered. School is a characterizing factor in our lives and furthermore advance a common feeling of network which is significant as firm networks are commonly more cheerful and safe than uncohesive ones †there is no separation or isolation and they sustain a common allowance of faith based expectations and qualities and objectives, living respectively in congruity and shared regard. A case of a network that comes up short on this is Oldham †in which the races, Asians and whites were isolated and this activated savage race riots. This occurred because of the huge partition among Asian and White people group and their powerlessness to blend and value each other. This occasion made me feel this was extremely awful for the network and never really empower racial isolation. Taking a gander at the recording of the uproars of 2001 unmistakably circumstance could have been effortlessly stayed away from had everybody figured out how to welcome each other. Network attachment is tied in with guaranteeing that all individuals from various foundations and networks feel they have a place with the spot wherein they live. We can't understand our desire by living in segregation to each other, it must be as a unified city, where the distinctions of race, shading, and religion are grasped. A feeling of network attachment as we grow up makes us more joyful all in all and urges us to be fair-minded and non-bigot. Our particular character is grown at an early stage throughout everyday life and to be urged to blend in with others with various convictions and religions advances a more secure and all in all an increasingly more joyful and solid network. We start school inside the initial not many long stretches of our lives and being blended in with various individuals at this foundation underwrites a more grounded network. We spend a decent piece of 10 years at school so there is no uncertainty that school will be to a great extent answerable for our qualities and convictions, just as our character. Contingent upon what school we go to we are pushed into a mutual network and we figure out how to get along and share convictions. As expressed in the Source material, â€Å"Being part of a network causes us build up a personality †a feeling of who we are†. An uncohesive network has precisely the contrary impact, and kids experiencing childhood in an uncohesive network can grow up to have negative perspectives and not feel like they have a place and the can feel like they don't have a stake in the public eye and having the option to participate and impact choices that influence their lives. At the point when David Cameron and Nick Clegg (pioneers of the Conservative party and the Liberal Democrat party) were chosen for structure an alliance government in 2010, one of the Conservatives strategies were â€Å"the Big Society† which was evidently founded on a model of Balsall Heath †A town with low degrees of network attachment. The possibility of the â€Å"Big Society† was that individuals assume more prominent responsibility for their networks and not depend on the legislature and nearby specialists to offer types of assistance like schools, public venues, youth clubs. This town has now been changed and the town is currently perfect and clean and individuals of all unique social foundations blend. The best impacts of this were network attachment expanded in an extreme manner. There is no uncertainty that there are some helpful parts of free schools, for example, individuals of every single distinctive ethnicity combining as a free school isn't scholastically particular. This disheartens separation and network union. A few people may contend that the present government is attempting to remove themselves from duty and isolate society however I accept that David Cameron is a great idea to urge individuals to make a move in the event that they are denied of something that will be an a worthy representative for the network. Further contention neutralizing this is a few people feel that such individuals in denied regions are not talented or have enough information to embrace a troublesome venture of opening a school, especially an auxiliary school. A statement from an ongoing article of the Telegraph states â€Å"These children will be deserted, in light of the fact that the subsequent point is that, in the event that you set up a market system, at that point there are victors and washouts, at the same time, for this situation the failures are kids, abandoned in a â€Å"sink† school. † The underwriting of free schools is begging to be proven wrong, however intriguing. Scratch Clegg announced on the fifth September in his discourse â€Å"Free schools would not turn into the ‘preserve of the special few'† which traces the way that he figures free schools would basically privatize the training framework and permit the new establishments to cream off the best understudies and assets. Then again the Education Secretary Michael Gove who wholeheartedly accepts that free schools will end the â€Å"rationing† of good training. He accepts that free schools to supplant bombing comprehensives will give ‘all kids access to the sort of training just the rich can afford’. He plots this in Source 1 just as saying free schools will â€Å"cut the accomplishment hole among rich and poor†. Anyway , free schools could prompt social isolation as white collar class guardians are probably going to be exceptionally excited about them, prompting a circumstance where white collar class and common laborers individuals don't blend. This could wind up with white collar class youngsters going to great schools and common laborers kids staying in neighborhood authority schools where there is next to no subsidizing. Another gathering who are truly excited about free schools are confidence gatherings and this could prompt isolation on strict grounds. Principles for school would consequently not rise consistently for everybody which would be a major weakness and there would likewise be low network union which is clarified previously. I for one think it is uncalled for that a few understudies don’t have the chance to go to a high accomplishing school as I experienced this entire school â€Å"lottery† pursuing for three high accomplishing schools however I neglected to get into any of them, basically in light of the fact that I was out of the catchment zone. It merits setting up free schools in denied regions where youngsters are compelled to go to a low accomplishing school, so they have similar open doors that wealthier kids have. Michael Gove intended to stretch out free schools here after obvious accomplishment in America with free schools, where 99 free schools have been set up. Proof proposes that 83% of free schools in the USA are doing no better than their customary partners †which carries me to address whether the opening of free schools truly are advantageous and whether the opening of them would cut the extension among rich and poor. Anyway in further research a few understudies in these schools feel that they are in a superior situation in a free school where they apply thorough order and are testing. This again makes free schools flawed. In Source 3, a gathering of 600 guardians communicated their craving for their kids to go to a school other than the neighborhood state school. This achieves the end that if this numerous guardians are discontent with the sort of arrangement of state tutoring organizations, something must be finished. This conclusion is additionally met with Rachel Wolfs in Source 4 who contends that â€Å"hundreds of guardians have experienced too long two level instruction framework †one in which the well off can get into the phenomenal nearby school by purchasing a house in the correct catchment region or paying school charges, while less off guardians are trapped. † I accept this is a very unjustifiable framework and one where the rich appear to have everything and regular workers residents are stuck in a ceaseless groove. In Source 5 another guardians see is communicated, where she communicates her craving for a school wherein a large portion of its understudies could stroll to and not sending their kids 4 miles away. Source 6 advances the way that a few people are intending to benefit from the government’s activity †â€Å"seeking to benefit to the detriment of the taxpayer† states Ed Balls in Source 8. He proceeds with â€Å"Since free schools presented a free schools arrangement the country’s training measures in maths and scince have plummeted†. This Source realizes greater antagonism on the subject of free schools and questions the gainful parts of free schools. Source 7, a concentrate adjusted from the site of the National Union of Teachers advances an assessment of high cynicism towards free schools, of which 24 have opened this September. A statement of this source is ‘†This government’s assault on state instruction must be restricted. Laws to make numerous mor

The Millikan Oil Drop Chemistry Experiment

The Millikan Oil Drop Chemistry Experiment Robert Millikans oil drop explore estimated the charge of the electron. The examination was performed by splashing a fog of oil beads into a chamber over the metal plates. The decision of oil was significant on the grounds that most oils would vanish under the warmth of the light source, making the drop change mass all through the analysis. Oil for vacuum applications was a decent decision since it had an exceptionally low fume pressure. Oil beads could turn out to be electrically charged through grating as they were splashed through the spout or they could be charged by presenting them to ionizing radiation. Charged beads would enter the space between the equal plates. Controlling the electric potential over the plates would make the beads rise or fall. Estimations for the Experiment Fd 6ï€rî ·v1 where r is the drop span, ÃŽ · is the thickness of air and v1 is the maximum speed of the drop. The weight W of the oil drop is the volume V duplicated by the thickness Ï  and the increasing speed because of gravity g. The clear weight of the drop in air is the genuine weight short the upthrust (equivalent to the heaviness of air dislodged by the oil drop). On the off chance that the drop is thought to be splendidly round, at that point the evident weight can be determined: W 4/3 Ï€r3g (Ï  - Ï air) The drop isn't quickening at maximum speed so the all out power following up on it should be zero with the end goal that F W. Under this condition: r2 9î ·v1/2g(ï  - Ï air) r is determined so W can be tackled. At the point when the voltage is turned on the electric power on the drop is: FE qE where q is the charge on the oil drop and E is the electric potential over the plates. For equal plates: E V/d where V is the voltage and d is the separation between the plates. The charge on the drop is controlled by expanding the voltage somewhat so the oil drop ascends with speed v2: qE - W 6ï€rî ·v2 qE - W Wv2/v1

Werner Heisenberg :: essays research papers

Werner Heisenberg      One can't completely value crafted by Werner Heisenberg except if one inspects his commitments with regards to the time wherein he lived. Werner Karl Heisenberg was conceived in Wuerzburg, Germany, on December 5, 1901, and grew up in scholarly environmental factors, in a family unit gave to the humanities. His dad was an educator at the University of Munich and without a doubt incredibly affected youthful Werner, who was an understudy at the Maximilian Gymnasium.       Heisenberg had the chance to work with huge numbers of the top physicists on the planet including Niels Bohr and Max Born. In the same way as other of the top physicists of the time Heisenberg got his doctorate at an early age. In Heisenberg's case he got it at the youthful age of twenty three. Heisenberg was not only a specialist. He was additionally a teacher and creator. During his vocation he educated at numerous lofty colleges, including the Universities of Leipzig, Goettingen, what's more, Berlin. He likewise composed numerous significant books including, Physical Principles of the Quantum Theory, Cosmic Radiation, Physics and Philosophy, and Prologue to the Unified Theory of Elementary Particles. In 1932 he won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work in Quantum Mechanics.      With the Nazi's in force, and World War two not too far off it was inescapable that his German legacy would assume a urgent job in his profession. Before Germany's quick assault on Poland Heisenberg chose to make one last visit of his companions in the West. Many attempted to persuade him to remain and acknowledge a residency at Columbia, yet Heisenberg declined. He felt that it was his obligation to safeguard the establishment of science in Germany during the war. He too accepted that by remaining in Germany during the war, he could support person German researchers. Truth be told, he offered occupations to Jewish researchers when they were terminated from their posts at different colleges. As time passed, Heisenberg discovered that he was frail to secure his companions. Heisenberg himself was by and by assaulted, and his arrangement at the University of Munich was blocked. For longer than a year Heisenberg was assaulted in the SS paper, which alluded to him as a "white Jew." The assault turned out to be threatening to such an extent that Heisenberg's mom, who had a slight association with Himmler's family, wrote to Himmler's mom requesting that Himmler mediate. Himmler by and by freed Heisenberg from the charges leveled against him a year later, yet he was advised to consider science and abstain from talking about researchers. The strain of the examination most likely influenced Heisenberg's inventiveness.      During the war Heisenberg chipped away at the German A-bomb venture alongside various other German researchers.

Acne Studios Merchandising Strategies Essay - 1375 Words

Acne Studios: Merchandising Strategies (Essay Sample) Content: Name:University:Course:Tutor:Date:Acne Studios: Merchandising Strategies Acne Studios was founded in 1996, but the first ever collection of Acne clothing was launched in 1998. The company was founded by Jonny Johansson although he did not have any background when it comes to design before starting the company. Acne today is one of the leading and most successful brands in Sweden. Currently, Acne is associated with the young people who have an interest in fashion (Stuart and Jones 47). The studio offers furniture collections, art gallery, advertising agency as well as magazine. The studio has five brands namely; Acne Art Department, Acne Paper, Acne Advertising, Acne Fashions and Denim, as well as Acne JR. The organization boast of 200 employees with an approximate annual turnover of about 38 million Euros. Acne Studio enjo ys the association of a capital risk firm that is known as Oresund. Oresund offers Acne a wide variety of possibilities when it comes to develop ment and investment. In terms of self-expression, Acne views fashion as the best opportunity of having style. Style is a typical thing in the Scandinavian nation, the existence of the simple lines that do not have an abundance of colors. The style has to be simple but maintain the identity of Acne clothes as cool and personal. The organization develops an image that is not only targeted for clothing brands. The company intends to develop a lifestyle brand through products that are desirable. The brands that the firm produces target the celebrities and young people who are so much into fashion. The first audiences to be thrilled by Jonny Johanssons work were graphic designers, filmmakers, and hipster kids. Today celebrity acts such as Rihanna, Justin Beiber among other, are some of the people seen wearing clothes that are created by Acne. The organization also aims to develop an identity through jeans that the manufacturer that have the famous red stitches. The identity is as a result of Jonny Johanssons willpower in creating garments that will make the consumer have a strong feeling as well as having self-confidence (Alexandra and Barbera 61). The brand that the company is dealing in is known as denim jeans, but the company is not comfortable of being of the denim brand. Instead the company is looking for ways of providing wear that includes denim as a product. The firm does not produce denim jeans only; theother brands that they offer to the market. Some of the products that Acne produces include mens as well as womens footwears and accessories. The strategy that the firm can use to produce was of high quality that has longer life span. Although the word Acne does not sound more of a fashion name Acne simply means Ambition to Create Novel Expression. Assortment strategy is based on group work. According to Jonny Johansson, the success for him as a person as well as the firm is dedicated to the nature of group work in Sweden. There are two collection s in a year namely: Autumn and Winter and Spring and Summer that the brands are produced. The collection has a handful of articles that are usually made on the arithmetic scale of maybe 17 pieces for a single product group (Stuart and Jones 74).. After starting the company, Jonny Johansson and other founder members came up with the idea of launching some fashion products. The group had to come up with a brand that was fantastic therefore they had to develop items that were very special that could meet the needs of the consumer. There were many challenges the Jonny Johansson and cohorts faced along the way. First it was very difficult for the company to make a breakthrough especially in Sweden where there was no domestic industry that was dealing in garments or had a tradition of fabric manufacture. After some time, the company dealt with some icons that were so obvious. The product that was launched to the market first was a raw denim jean that was stitched in red and had five p ockets. In 1997 Jonny Johansson was inspired Marylyn Monroe and James Dean to design dungarees (Alexandra and Barbera 65), Johansson design the dungarees with the aim of giving his friends. The firm produced 100 pairs; the strategy of Jonny Johansson was to see his friends dressed in cool clothes in front of his colleagues. The idea worked very well and even got the admiration from fashion insiders, filmmakers, hipster kids as well as graphic designers. After some time, everybody wanted to have a pair of the red stitched dungaree that was embraced with Acne. Later on, Johansson brought some other products to the line that led it to be identified with one item. The firm responded to the quick growth by separating different branches of the fashion market with the aim of meeting the needs of the consumer. And thats how the big department came along. The apparel county of origin is Sweden. Jonny Johansson found acne Studios alongside his friend I Stockholm. The currency that is used during the transaction is Euros. However, this does not hinder consumers from other nations or online shoppers to use Euros, but instead they can use the currency they have. The conversion of the currency is well taken of so long as the consumers make their payments. In terms of promotion and markdown cadence, Acne Studios have created four stores in Sweden with the location being Gothenburg and Stockholm. The sales channel that is developed through departmental stores as well as internet plays a significant role when it comes to promotion and markdown cadence. The choice of the firm to work and at the same time be in control of the image of the brand has played a major role in choosing that they would like to work in (Alexandra and Barbera 35). Acne Studios and shops plus the internet have the total control over the image of the brand. The approaches are very paramount in promotion and markdown cadence of Acne Studios. Acne Studios are facing stiff competition in the Swedish m arket. Companies such as Velour and Whyred pose strong completion to the firm. The companies have Swedish background just as Acne and they also deal on similar designs for their collection. Therefore, it is upon... Acne Studios Merchandising Strategies Essay - 1375 Words Acne Studios: Merchandising Strategies (Essay Sample) Content: Name:University:Course:Tutor:Date:Acne Studios: Merchandising Strategies Acne Studios was founded in 1996, but the first ever collection of Acne clothing was launched in 1998. The company was founded by Jonny Johansson although he did not have any background when it comes to design before starting the company. Acne today is one of the leading and most successful brands in Sweden. Currently, Acne is associated with the young people who have an interest in fashion (Stuart and Jones 47). The studio offers furniture collections, art gallery, advertising agency as well as magazine. The studio has five brands namely; Acne Art Department, Acne Paper, Acne Advertising, Acne Fashions and Denim, as well as Acne JR. The organization boast of 200 employees with an approximate annual turnover of about 38 million Euros. Acne Studio enjo ys the association of a capital risk firm that is known as Oresund. Oresund offers Acne a wide variety of possibilities when it comes to develop ment and investment. In terms of self-expression, Acne views fashion as the best opportunity of having style. Style is a typical thing in the Scandinavian nation, the existence of the simple lines that do not have an abundance of colors. The style has to be simple but maintain the identity of Acne clothes as cool and personal. The organization develops an image that is not only targeted for clothing brands. The company intends to develop a lifestyle brand through products that are desirable. The brands that the firm produces target the celebrities and young people who are so much into fashion. The first audiences to be thrilled by Jonny Johanssons work were graphic designers, filmmakers, and hipster kids. Today celebrity acts such as Rihanna, Justin Beiber among other, are some of the people seen wearing clothes that are created by Acne. The organization also aims to develop an identity through jeans that the manufacturer that have the famous red stitches. The identity is as a result of Jonny Johanssons willpower in creating garments that will make the consumer have a strong feeling as well as having self-confidence (Alexandra and Barbera 61). The brand that the company is dealing in is known as denim jeans, but the company is not comfortable of being of the denim brand. Instead the company is looking for ways of providing wear that includes denim as a product. The firm does not produce denim jeans only; theother brands that they offer to the market. Some of the products that Acne produces include mens as well as womens footwears and accessories. The strategy that the firm can use to produce was of high quality that has longer life span. Although the word Acne does not sound more of a fashion name Acne simply means Ambition to Create Novel Expression. Assortment strategy is based on group work. According to Jonny Johansson, the success for him as a person as well as the firm is dedicated to the nature of group work in Sweden. There are two collection s in a year namely: Autumn and Winter and Spring and Summer that the brands are produced. The collection has a handful of articles that are usually made on the arithmetic scale of maybe 17 pieces for a single product group (Stuart and Jones 74).. After starting the company, Jonny Johansson and other founder members came up with the idea of launching some fashion products. The group had to come up with a brand that was fantastic therefore they had to develop items that were very special that could meet the needs of the consumer. There were many challenges the Jonny Johansson and cohorts faced along the way. First it was very difficult for the company to make a breakthrough especially in Sweden where there was no domestic industry that was dealing in garments or had a tradition of fabric manufacture. After some time, the company dealt with some icons that were so obvious. The product that was launched to the market first was a raw denim jean that was stitched in red and had five p ockets. In 1997 Jonny Johansson was inspired Marylyn Monroe and James Dean to design dungarees (Alexandra and Barbera 65), Johansson design the dungarees with the aim of giving his friends. The firm produced 100 pairs; the strategy of Jonny Johansson was to see his friends dressed in cool clothes in front of his colleagues. The idea worked very well and even got the admiration from fashion insiders, filmmakers, hipster kids as well as graphic designers. After some time, everybody wanted to have a pair of the red stitched dungaree that was embraced with Acne. Later on, Johansson brought some other products to the line that led it to be identified with one item. The firm responded to the quick growth by separating different branches of the fashion market with the aim of meeting the needs of the consumer. And thats how the big department came along. The apparel county of origin is Sweden. Jonny Johansson found acne Studios alongside his friend I Stockholm. The currency that is used during the transaction is Euros. However, this does not hinder consumers from other nations or online shoppers to use Euros, but instead they can use the currency they have. The conversion of the currency is well taken of so long as the consumers make their payments. In terms of promotion and markdown cadence, Acne Studios have created four stores in Sweden with the location being Gothenburg and Stockholm. The sales channel that is developed through departmental stores as well as internet plays a significant role when it comes to promotion and markdown cadence. The choice of the firm to work and at the same time be in control of the image of the brand has played a major role in choosing that they would like to work in (Alexandra and Barbera 35). Acne Studios and shops plus the internet have the total control over the image of the brand. The approaches are very paramount in promotion and markdown cadence of Acne Studios. Acne Studios are facing stiff competition in the Swedish m arket. Companies such as Velour and Whyred pose strong completion to the firm. The companies have Swedish background just as Acne and they also deal on similar designs for their collection. Therefore, it is upon...

Purchase a Perfect Law Dissertation from the Real Experts!

Purchase a Perfect Law Dissertation from the Real Experts! Purchase a Perfect Law Dissertation from the Real Experts! At first glance it may seem that a law dissertation is a writing like any other, because it has the same basic structure, as dissertations related to any other subject. The truth is, this kind of work leaves little room for creativity, as law is a very strict discipline, based on well-documented facts and statements. On one hand, its easier, because you dont have to use your fantasy a lot, but on the other hand, you will have to do a lot more research and read through lots of documents very carefully, because even a tiny mistake can turn everything upside down. A law dissertation requires a big amount of reading and taking notes and working with authentic sources, and its exhausting enough. If you feel like its too much responsibility for you and you wont be able to complete all the research carefully and in time, feel free to ask for professional help. The top-notch writers of.com will gladly relieve you from the academic pressure and help you with this precise and stressful process of law dissertation writing. Looking for Law Dissertation Ideas Actually, the variety of topics you can use for your law dissertation is huge. Law systems vary from country to country, because different countries employ different regulations. Moreover, even law systems within one country in different periods of history differ from each other. It means, that you can choose whatever is interesting for you. Within all the law systems are numerous topics available, so you can base your writing on one of the following: criminal law commercial law family law administrative law constitutional law employment law To find concrete ideas, read through some law-related articles or news articles in the papers. They can inspire you to choose different compelling topics in different areas: Criminal Law Define and assess problems in identifying the nature, extent and distribution of crime. How the â€Å"war on terror† influences international criminal law. Need for criminal theory and types of theoretical analysis. The concept of a crime. Morality in criminal law. Commercial Law Does the commercial law meet the needs of the commercial community? The international commercial arbitration system. International commercial contracts. Employment Law Discuss the discrimination policies. Analyze legal aspects of the employee and employer relationship. Characterize the role of the trade unions in employment law. Even if these are only a few suggestions, there are so many more topics you can use. In fact, you never know, when and where you will find inspiration. But try to choose urgent topics, that can be really helpful for the society. Well-written law dissertations of young law makers may contribute important ideas that will help the law regulations of the state or the country. Let Us Help You with Your Law Dissertation! Studying law is very hard on its own, you have to get familiar with a lot of documents and remember a lot of laws, rules and regulations. Even more difficult is it for those who are trying to earn money to pay their tuition. Let us help you with you law dissertation or dissertation structure, so that you can find some free time to relax and not only to study and to work! The well-educated writers here at.com will provide you with a unique high-quality writing within a short term, and you wont have to worry about your grades!

How Many Immigrants Are Living in the United States Illegally

The number of immigrants living in the United States illegally is shrinking, according to a Pew Hispanic Center report published in September of 2010. The nonpartisan research group estimated that there were 11.1 million unauthorized immigrants living in the country as of March 2009. Thats about 8 percent fewer than the peak of 12 million in March of 2007, the Pew Hispanic Center reported. â€Å"The annual inflow of unauthorized immigrants to the United States was nearly two-thirds smaller in the March 2007 to March 2009 period than it had been from March 2000 to March 2005,†Ã‚   noted the report. [  Violent Crime and Arizonas Immigration Law  ] Researchers estimated that the number of immigrants sneaking across the border every year has been declining, to ​an  average of 300,000 in each of the years 2007, 2008 and 2009. Thats down sharply from an estimated 550,000 illegal immigrant crossing over a year in 2005, 2006 and 2007, and a whopping 850,000 a year in the first half of the decade. Why the decline? Researchers cite two possible reasons for the decline in illegal immigration: Tougher enforcement and the poor jobs market in the United States during the deepening great  recession of the late 2000s. During the period covered by the analysis, there have been major shifts in the level of immigration enforcement and in enforcement strategies, as well as large swings in the U.S. economy, the Pew Hispanic Center noted. The U.S. economy entered a recession late in 2007, at a time when border enforcement was increasing. Economic and demographic conditions in sending countries and strategies employed by potential migrants also change, the report noted. Portrait of Unauthorized Immigrants According to the Pew Hispanic Center study: Immigrants living in the United States illegally made up 28 percent of the nations foreign-born population in 2009, down from 31 percent in 2007.The number of immigrants sneaking in from Mexico accounted for 60 percent of unauthorized immigrants in 2009, or 6.7 million people. Other Latin American nations accounted for 20 percent, or 2.2 million people. South and East Asia accounted for 11 percent of the total, or 1.2 million people.Most of the illegal immigrants living in the United States - 59 percent - lived in just six states in 2009: California, Texas, Florida, New York, Illinois and New Jersey. Thats down, however, from 80 percent in 1990.Nearly half of the immigrants living in the country illegally in 2009 - 47 percent or 5.2 million people - came here in 2000 or later.The number of male immigrants living in the United States illegally dropped to 5.8 million in 2009 from a peak of 6.3 million in 2007. The number of female immigrants here illegally stayed flat over the same tim e period, at 4.2 million.The number of children who are living here illegally was 1.1 million in 2009, down slightly over the decade. â€Å"The recent decrease in the unauthorized population has been especially notable along the nation’s Southeast coast and in its Mountain West, according to the new estimates,† stated the report. â€Å"The number of unauthorized immigrants in Florida, Nevada, and Virginia shrank from 2008 to 2009. Other states may have had declines, but they fell within the margin of error for these estimates.† Historic Estimates of Unauthorized Immigrants Here is a look at the estimated number of unauthorized immigrants living in the United States over the years. 2009 - 11.1 million 2008 - 11.6 million 2007 - 12 million 2006 - 11.3 million 2005 - 11.1 million 2004 - 10.4 million 2003 - 9.7 million 2002 - 9.4 million 2001 - 9.3 million 2000 - 8.4 million 1990 - 3.5 million

James Holmes s Theory Of Social Control Essay - 1293 Words

James Eagan Holmes was born December 13, 1987. Holmes is now identified as a mass murder after murdering 12 people and wounding 70 in a shooting that took place at a movie theater in Aurora, Colorado. Heterotypic continuity best described James Holmes behavior throughout his life. His underlying developmental process impairment stayed the same, but the way he acted them out drastically changed leading to the mass shooting. This impairment being James’ antisocial behavior. I would look at James Holmes through Sampson and Laub’s age-graded theory of social control. The three components of this theory are that structural context is intervened by informal family and school social controls, there is a continuity in antisocial behavior from childhood through adulthood, and that informal social bonds to family and employment during adulthood explain changes in criminality over the life span (Laub and Sampson 1993: 7). Although his environment was a positive one, he was also born inheriting many of his family’s traits. Some traits he received from his father were quietness, being an analytical and an academic overachiever and eventually social awkwardness. He inherited his impassiveness from his mother. Another trait passed down was mental illness which also is seen in close relatives of Holmes. During the time of the shooting, Holmes was using two psychiatric drugs. It is stated in the book that â€Å"Drugs distort individual’s thoughts, which enhances irrationalShow MoreRelated Detective Fiction Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Essay1802 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to the English crime writer P.D. James (1920-) â€Å"for a book to be described as detective fiction there must be a central mystery and one that by the end of the book is solved satisfactorily and logically, not by good luck or intuition, but by intelligent deduction from clues honestly if deceptively presented.† (James. 2009: 16). This is traditionally conducted via a detective; a figure deployed within the narrative structure ‘whose occupation is to investigate crimes’ (Oxford. 2006: 202)Read MoreThe Phenomenon That Changed Society1042 Words   |  5 Pagesfocus on the development of society, structure, social interaction and behaviour specifically in the industrialised world. This focus is known as sociology, the study which seeks to understand important social phenomena, a major one being globalisation; the social process which shortens distance between countries by eliminating constricting factors and resulting in a well-connected society. One specific concept that falls under globalisation is the theory developed by a German sociologist, Max WeberRead Morefamous people1742 Words   |  7 Pagesinterventionism, if not for democracy. 11 John D. Rockefeller The man behind Standard Oil set the mold for our tycoons—first by making money, then by giving it away. 12 Ulysses S. 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While some of these new medical developments, such as the growth of recreational drug use andRead MoreWitchcraft And Women : Evaluation Of Gender Theories3055 Words   |  13 PagesWitchcraft and Women: Evaluation of Gender Theories To paint an accurate portrait of the early modern European woman is not easy. Much of existing literature focuses on the words of elite women whose lives differed greatly from those of the masses. It is the experiences these all important masses which are most difficult to gain access to. Most records we have of ordinary women survive only because they were made by others: justices of the peace, clerks, doctors, and other exclusively male occupationsRead MoreStrategies for Coping with Stress Essay examples2020 Words   |  9 Pagescame up with the idea of Stress Inoculation Training (S.I.T); this is a three-step procedure for producing stress inoculation. It was designed to teach people skills for alleviating stress and achieving personal goals. It aims to control irrational and catastrophising thoughts that to coincide with stressful situations. The first step is known as conceptualisation, this is where the person analyses and identifies where their stress comes from in their lives and the waysRead MoreRumination and Unipolar Depression: How Do We Change Such Negative Thoughts?2327 Words   |  10 PagesRumination and Unipolar Depression: How Do We Change Such Negative Thoughts? PY3103: Psychopathology Syed Mohammad Alwi Aidid James Cook University (Singapore) 12717347 Tutorial C Abstract Ruminative thinking has been found to be one of the most common symptoms in patients suffering from unipolar depression due to their tendency to reflect upon themselves negatively. In this essay, the manner in which this thinking pattern has been found to worsen patients’ depressed condition is furtherRead MoreHsc 3008 Implement Therapeutic Group Activities5800 Words   |  24 Pages Article Non-pharmacological interventions in dementia Simon Douglas, Ian James and Clive Ballard Simon Douglas is a clinical research nurse at the Wolfson Research Centre in Newcastle upon Tyne. He is currently coordinating a number of studies, particularly on dementia in nursing and residential homes and providing input into a new trial of non-pharmacological interventions for dementia. Ian James is a consultant clinical psychologist at the Centre for the Health of the Elderly at

Natural Selection And The Theory Of Evolution - 1536 Words

Natural selection and The Theory of Evolution were just two of the things that Charles Darwin conquered through the exploration of The Galapagos Island. Darwin was born on February 12, 1809, in Shrewsbury, England. While Darwin was still in high school, his main interest was nature, he was especially interested in beetles. Darwin’s father, Robert Darwin, who was best known as the father of the naturalist Charles Darwin, wanted Charles to become a doctor. Due to lack on interest in the medicine field, Charles went into Cambridge University to study for priesthood. His father, once again arranged for him to do that. Throughout all of this, Darwin continued to find interest in fossils, animals, and plants. As Darwin continued to find interest in these things, the exploration of the Galapagos Island was coming to place very soon. In 1831, Darwin convinced Captain Robert FitzRoy to let him join him aboard the H. M. S. Beagle as the ships naturalist. They first settled off from England in 1831 for a five year voyage, Charles Darwin had an ambition for scientific research. After exploring the coast of South America, The Beagle arrived in the Galapagos Islands, on September 15, 1835. During his visit to the Galapagos Island Darwin noticed that the creatures were similar from island to island, but they perfectly adapted to their environments which led him to wonder the origin of the islands inhabitants. The creatures that struck Darwin greatly were the finches that are now named inShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection1329 Words   |  6 PagesThe theory of evolution by natural selection proposes that all species are related (Eade, S. and profile, V. 2014). There is estimated to be between 6 million and 100 million different species in the world, with more species undiscovered than those discovered; this is all owing to the concept of evolution (Borenstein, S. 2014). Evolution is defined as the â€Å"change in the characteristics of a species over many generations (Linstead, 2012).† The most widely accepted theory of evolution is natural selectionRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection965 Words   |  4 Pages The beginning of life on earth was always thought out as Gods creation and evolution was just a mystery in itself. Many people have always been interested in their origins and have found explanations using evidence that validates the story, but where is the proof? In 1859 a man by the name of Charles Darwin wrote a novel called the Origin of Species basically expressing the theory of evolution by natural selection. An extremely complicated story, but a very effective explanation of life as weRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection1027 Words   |  5 PagesPart A: Evolution of Polar Bears Introduction The theory of evolution by natural selection (Darwinism), first formulated in Darwin s book On the Origin of Species in 1859, is the process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioural traits. Changes that allow an organism to better adapt to its environment will help it survive and that have more offspring. The first three ideas were already under discussion among earlier and contemporaneous naturalistsRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection1726 Words   |  7 PagesDiscussing Darwinian and Modern Evidence in Support to The Theory of Evolution by Natural selection Evolution is the gradual development of life on Earth. It is responsible for the unusual carnivorous plants (species such as Dionaea muscipula), the beautiful coloured plume of the male peacock, even the possibility of cells adapting to protect against continual low exposure to radiation (Russo, GL. et al 2012). Without it, the lavish diversity of organic life we interact with every day would be non-existentRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection926 Words   |  4 Pages Charles Darwin was the creator of Darwinism which is, â€Å"the theory of evolution by natural selection† (Junker 1). In school we are often taught that natural selection is survival of the fittest or the strongest wins. What seems to be a simple topic is actually one of the leading theories on the side of evolution in the highly controversial debate on Darwinism vs. Creationism. Darwinism states that certain genes in a population change through individuals. These â€Å"strong† genes are then produced moreRead MoreTheory Of Evolution By Natural Selection896 Words   |  4 PagesSummary Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection. According to history, Charles Darwin is the first scientist to frame the theory of evolution by natural selection. It was publish in his book title On the Origin of Species 1859†. Darwin express the theory of evolution by natural selection as a process by which species change over a period of time. This change take place because of the changes in genetic and behavioral traits. The ability of the organisms to change over time or adjust to fit environmentalRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection1692 Words   |  7 PagesDarwinian Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Background information Even though evolution is an ancient concept, Charles Darwin brought up a new idea focusing on naturalistic modification of a population over time. He believed that species differ over time and space. In other words, after a period of time creatures undergo genetic mutations in their genetic code in which the beneficial mutations are preserved and the disadvantage mutations are eliminated. This concept he termed as natural selectionRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection Essay1774 Words   |  8 Pagesinvariance and stability. Darwinism rejects all supernatural phenomena and causations. The theory of evolution by natural selection explains the adaptedness and diversity of the world solely materialistically. It no longer requires God as the creator or designer .Darwin pointed out that creation, as described in the bible and the origin accounts of other cultures, was contradicted by almost any aspect of the natural world. Randolph M. Nesse George C. Williams. Mayr believed that Lamarck did not holdRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection1692 Words   |  7 PagesDarwinian Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Background information Even though evolution is an ancient concept, Charles Darwin brought up a new idea focusing on naturalistic modification of a population over time. He believed that species differ over time and space. In other words, after a period of time creatures undergo genetic mutations in their genetic code in which the beneficial mutations are preserved and the disadvantage mutations are eliminated. This concept he termed as natural selectionRead MoreThe Theory Of Evolution By Natural Selection1486 Words   |  6 Pagesexplain the evolution of the word, where you may or may not find altruistic behaviours and most importantly it’s like to evolutionary theory. Evolutionary theory was developed by Charles Darwin and documented in his book ‘On the Origin of Species’ (1859). In it’s most simplistic terms it explains how and why animals, including humans, have changed and evolved over time to become the way they are. One of his more well known and supported theories illustrated in his book is the theory of evolution by natural

The American Gaming Association ( Aga ) - 1465 Words

The American Gaming Association (AGA) is an organization that focuses on â€Å"creating a better understanding of the gaming entertainment industry by bringing facts about the industry to the general public, elected officials, other decision makers and the media through education and advocacy† (â€Å"About the AGA†). According to the AGA, Nevada is the only state where legal betting on sports can take place. Delaware and New Jersey have taken steps towards legalizing sport betting; however, many are against the legalization. Although some may argue that legalizing sport betting in all states will be beneficial to the economy, sport betting shouldn’t be legalized because it can lead to harmful addictions, criminal activity, and affects the integrity of sports in a negative way. Sport betting has been a part of many scandals in American sports. Athletes, coaches, and referees in various sports have been involved in different scandals through fixing games to change the outcome. To ‘fix’ a game is when gamblers predetermine the outcome of a game by paying money to players, referees, or anyone that can change the outcome. For example, in the 1919 Major League Baseball World Series, the Chicago White Sox lost against the Cincinnati Reds in a scandal that is considered the â€Å"†¦most famous fix of all† (Abram and Davies 6). In the fix â€Å"†¦ eight members of the Chicago White Sox lost the World Series to the underdog Cincinnati Reds for a payoff of about $10,000 each† (6). Today, professionalShow MoreRelatedGambling Effects On The American Economy1671 Words   |  7 PagesGambling Effects on the American Economy American people like games and entertainment, and one of these games is gambling. According to crops online, a gambling website (2009), gambling is classified as an old game taking place in China back around 2300 B.C. Then around 100 D.C., King of Norway and King of Sweden resolved the District of Hising property by using two dice. In the Mediterranean countries, the deck of card was developed, and especially the French altered the deck by pulling out a manRead MoreGambling Is Not Immoral Or Unethical1406 Words   |  6 Pagesare wrong. There are several positive aspects of gambling aside from providing entertainment and a social interaction. Gambling is not immoral or unethical. Gambling provides economic benefits including jobs and reduced government assistance. The gaming industry supports research and education related to gambling addiction. The percentage of lower income people who gamble is small; the majorities of people who gamble are those with higher incomes and can affor d to do so. Lastly, gambling has beenRead MoreGambling Is Not Only A Fun And Social Activity1288 Words   |  6 Pagesback as far back as ancient times. Dice have been recovered in Egyptian tombs. The British colonization of America was partly financed through lottery proceeds. There are several other cultures that have shown evidence of gambling. For Native Americans, this was a spiritual experience as they believed their gods determined fate or chance. This not only proves that gambling has been around for a long time it also illustrates that it’s multi- cultural and can serve different purposes. In a worldRead MoreWhy Gambling Should Not Be Prohibited Or Policed By The Federal Government1236 Words   |  5 Pagesback as far back as ancient times. Dice have been recovered in Egyptian tombs. The British colonization of America was partly financed through lottery proceeds. There are several other cultures that have shown evidence of gambling. For Native Americans, thi s was a spiritual experience as they believed their gods determined fate or chance. This not only proves that gambling has been around for a long time it also illustrates that it multi- cultural and can serve different purposes. In a worldRead MoreLottery Management : Racetracks And Racinos1546 Words   |  7 Pagesbecame very popular during the time leading up to and during the â€Å"roaring twenties† then as expected betting died down during the depression (Riess). During the past couple decades, horse and dog tracks have been losing popularity with the common American population. Tracks as well as stables, which once bred championship horses, are closing down all over the country. â€Å"In 1984 Major League Baseball passed thoroughbred racing as the leading spectator sport†(Riess) and since then horseracing has beenRead MoreIs Las Vegas Sustainable?1478 Words   |  6 Pagessustainability was the crisis and this was solved by water being gotten from wells pipe d into town. In the 1950s atomic testing were advertised as a tourist attraction to tourists, providing locations to watch the testings and view the mushroom clouds (American Experience, 2005). This are just a few ways Las Vegas has defied the odds to prove that it is sustainable. Against all odds and when it looks like people are going to stop visiting the city, a new reason to return is created. Focusing on the economyRead More The Case Against Legalized Gambling Essay1319 Words   |  6 PagesGambling institutions exist in many states. These institutions consist of riverboat casinos, Indian reservation casinos, and regular gaming casinos that all accumulate millions of dollars to the state through taxes. This tax money is then used throughout the state for many programs that may include education, health, and road maintenance. The American Gaming Association (AGA) even claims that gambling institutions lower the taxes in many areas because of the large tax money they give the go vernment (CQRead MoreThe Effects of Gambling on Society1594 Words   |  7 Pagesapproximately 10,000 construction jobs and in Shreveport, 20% of Harrahs casino workers purchased a house in 1995, 11% got off welfare, and 18% stopped receiving unemployment payments (Fahrenkopf, 2002, p.110). These facts clearly show that when gaming is introduced into a region, it creates jobs and revenue. Opponents of gambling admit that certain cities, for example Las Vegas, have prospered greatly due to the gambling industry; however, they also feel that Las Vegas is a poor model to representRead MoreProblems And Solutions Of Gambling Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pagesbrief introduction to the casino industry and problems and solutions around it. According to a research by AGA(American Gaming Association), gambling has already been a big part of economy gains in America. They found that gambling generates nearly $240 billion annually in total economic impact. Additionally, gambling creates more than 1.7 million job opportunities in America.(â€Å"When Gaming grows†, 2014). On the other hand, gambling can bring many problems such as compulsive gambling and crime. InRead MoreEssay on Legalization of Gambling in Ohio2047 Words   |  9 Pagescasino related movies that are based in the 50?s, 60?s, and 70?s, but that was then and this is now. ?While there may be some vestigial ties between organized crime and casinos, gambling is now big business? (Weissman 1). ?The term gambling or ?gaming? as the industry calls it, means any legalized form of wagering or betting conducted in a casino, on a riverboat, on an Indian reservation, or at any other location under the jurisdiction of the United States? (National Gambling Impact Study

Economic Analysis System

Question: Discuss About the Economics? Answer: Introduction: For the last thirty years, the network industry in Australia has undergone evolution through vertical integration. Industries that have undergone this kind of evolution are electricity, telecommunication and railroads. These industries enjoy natural monopoly. Huge infrastructural cost act as the main barrier to entry and exit in this industry. This is the fixed cost remains constant for each extra unit produced (Allison, 2014). When the firm supplies to a large market, they get a good return on their initial investment. To set up the network for transportation in the electricity is huge. The In case of a monopoly, a single firm operates in the market have the tendency to charge high process to earn supernormal profits. The monopoly market is an imperfect form of market structure where the society incurs loss in form of deadweight loss. To reduce this cost the government regulates the price level so that the welfare of the society is maximized (Beckman, DeAngelo Smith, 2014). In Aust ralia, the electricity sector enjoys natural monopoly. The federal government regulates the price level in this sector. The purpose of this essay is to evaluate the cause and the effect of natural monopoly on the society. This essay also gives a brief overview about the regulations the government imposes on the firm to regulate the price and output level of the firm. Analysis: A natural monopoly exists in an industry when high cost of infrastructure and other barriers to entry inhibits other potential entrants. The only supplier is large enough to supply the whole market. This is predominant in industries with high capital cost. Natural monopolies are found in public utilities like electricity and water supply. John Stuart Mill conceptualized the notion of natural monopoly (Beckman, DeAngelo Smith, 2014). In micro economic theory two different types cost are marginal cost and fixed cost. Marginal cost is cost incurred by the company while serving one extra consumer. Fixed cost is the cost incurred by the company irrespective of the quantity produced. A natural monopoly is characterized high fixed cost and the marginal cost for production for producing one extra unit remains approximately constant. Entering in to public utility sector requires huge amount of investment. This often acts as a barrier to entry, which reduces the number of potential entrants r egardless of the level of profit. Natural monopolies emerge when a single supplier enjoys the immense cost advantage over the other potential competitors. This in predominantly seen in industries with high fixed cost and they create economies of scale (Bs, 2014). The firm investing high amount of fixed cost requires large number consumers in order to have return on their initial investment. With economies of scale, the average total cost decreases with the increase in output (Bs, 2014). After the establishment of natural monopoly, the firm will enjoy huge profits due to economies of scale. External and internal economies of scale are defined as the benefits associated with the expansion of a firm as well as the industries as a result of positive externalities. The monopolistic market is characterized by inefficiency over time. They are not innovative because they are not required to compete with other firms. The main objective of the monopolist is to maximize the level of profits (Ekelund Hbert, 2013). The absence of competition gives the firm the advantage of the situation. The monopolist being the sole seller in the market can control the supply of the entire market. The firm takes the market demand curve as its demand curve, which is also the average revenue curve. The firm operating under the condition of the Law of Diminishing Returns will observe that cost of production for each extra unit produced (marginal cost) decreases with the increase in the output level (Foster, 2014). In the early stage of production, the marginal cost is less compared to the marginal revenue curve. This enables the monopolist to earn huge amount of profits. Thus, the monopolist will stop producing any additional unit at this point (Heen, 2013). The monopol ist fixes the price level where the marginal revenue equals marginal cost. In case of monopoly, marginal cost is less than marginal revenue and price level. However, marginal revenue is not equal to the marginal cost and is much less than the marginal cost and the price level. The monopolist sometimes misuses their power to regulate the market, which leads to market failure. A monopoly is an imperfect market structure that has a tendency to restrict production level. Consumer surplus is the difference between the consumers is actually paying and the price they are willing to pay. Consumer surplus declines with the increase in the price level following the law of Diminishing returns (Hua, 2012). In imperfect market situation that is in case of monopoly the single firm supplying the market tries to capture the whole consumer surplus by charging the highest price they are willing to pay. Producer surplus is the benefit derived by the firm when they get more price than the minimum price level they are willing to supply the market. This is expressed in terms of profit. Deadweight loss occurs within an economy when the total welfare of the society is not maximized. The welfare of the society is ensured when the total of producer and the consumer surplus is maximized (Joskow, 2014). Economic welfare is defined as the benefit derived by the whole society because of some economic transaction . Figure 1: Producer and Consumer Surplus (Source: Author) In monopoly, the firm takes as a single supplier in the market takes the market demand curve as its own demand curve. The monopolist has the market power to raise the price level above the marginal cost without losing supernormal profits (Leveque, 2013). The monopolist optimizes its profit by setting it price where the marginal cost equals the marginal revenue curve that is at Pm as shown in the diagram. The monopolist operates at a price, which is greater than marginal cost. The consumers are worse off in monopoly compared to the competitive structure, as the price charged is higher than in competitive market structure. Thus, as a single supplier the firm is better off in monopolistic structure as they can increase their profit level. Hence, monopoly market structure is not optimum. The price charged in competitive structure is Pc which is PcMC implying that some of the consumers are willing to pay more for each extra unit of output. Thus, it can be said that an extra unit of output will be sold at a price higher than the marginal cost; the consumer utility would increase along with the profits of the firm. To measure the inefficiency in the monopoly, the difference between loss of the utility of the consumers and the gain in the profit level of the producers are compared (Nepal Jamasb, 2015). By measuring the total deadweight loss, that is the total of producer surplus and the consumer surplus, the total loss incurred by the society is measured. Figure2: Deadweight Loss (Source: Author) The consumer surplus increases for two reasons as given below: Under competitive structure, the consumers pay less for the quantity consumed than under monopoly. It is represented by the area A. The utility increases as they are consuming extra unit of the quantity produced in competitive structure. It is represented by the area B. The producer surplus gets affected, as the quantity sold is less (shown by the area A). Under monopolistic structure, the area A is a shift of the surplus from the monopolistic firm to the consumers. Hence, it is neutralized from the perspective of the society. The area (B+C) is the gain the society enjoys when the price is set at Pc with quantity produced is Yc (Varian, 2014). This is because the values that both the consumers and the producers add to the number of units transacted under monopolistic market structure. Hence, the area (B+C) is the deadweight loss under monopoly. Deadweight loss is the cost the society pays due to monopoly (Vikharev, 2013). In case of natural monopoly, the demand curve intersects the marginal cost curve under the average cost curve. The governments sometimes force the monopolist to set price equal to the marginal cost curve, which leads to negative profit. Figure3: Natural Monopoly (Source: Author) When the government compels the monopolist to charge price p=MC the monopolist leaves the business. This situation is more inefficient compared to the situation where the monopolist is allowed to charge price where marginal revenue is equal to marginal cost. When the government compels the monopolist to charge price p=MC then it gives the provision to for lump sum subsidy to the firm (Vining, Boardman Moore, 2014). To control pricing policy in case of natural monopoly government imposes price ceiling where the demand curve or the average revenue curve (AR) cuts the average cost curve. The average cost is less, when the firm serves the entire market. The monopolist tends to set their price at the level where marginal revenue equals marginal cost that is MR = MC (Yan Chao, 2012). Here before regulation the monopolist is making profits as shown by the figure PF*OM by selling OM output at price MP. After regulation the monopolist is now sells output OQ at QK price level. When the price regulatory authority sets the price level at WS, where the average cost AC cuts the demand curve or average revenue curve (AR) and sells output OW, the monopoly is only able to earn normal profit. Operating at this level will eliminate the deadweight loss and hence the welfare of the society is maximized (Vikharev, 2013). In Australia, the electricity industry is an example of natural monopoly. In this industry, a large infrastructural cost is required to enter the industry. This cost is referred to as the sunk cost. Huge amount of sunk cost is incurred to build cable, grids and pipelines for supply and transmission of electricity. New entrants will result in the loss of efficiency and the cost will be borne by the whole society. Thus, it is better that a single firm is allowed t o serve the whole market. In case of natural monopoly, economies of scale play a significant role and the minimum scale of efficiency is not reached until the size of the market is not large enough. Minimum efficient scale is the minimum level of output at which all the scales of economies are exploited (Beckman, DeAngelo Smith, 2014). The public utility sectors, like water supply and electricity, have high possibility that the society is exploited without any government intervention. The federal government with the objective of minimizing the cost of the society set the price equal to the average revenue equals the average cost curve. In electricity industries mainly dominated by the huge fixed cost and legal barriers the government often responds to the market power by taking control over that firm. The form of control can be different forms like imposing tax or levying subsidy. The public authorities take charge of the market condition. Technological advancement in sectors with natural monopoly can turn this sector to a competitive market structure (Ekelund Hbert, 2013). Conclusion: Natural monopoly is a market structure where a single firm supplies the whole market. Usually the product or the service supplied does not have any close substitutes. The purpose of the essay is to analyze the problems and the cause associated with the natural monopoly. The electricity, natural gas and railroads are the industries that enjoy natural monopoly. The average cost is lowest if a single firm serves the entire market. The huge infrastructure cost at the initial level discourages new entrants to enter the industry. Without any competition, the monopolist charges the price where marginal price equals marginal revenue (Beckman, DeAngelo Smith, 2014). Government intervention is required to minimize the inefficiencies in a monopolistic market structure. The government set the price level where the average cost curve intersect the demand curve or the average revenue curve. This optimizes the welfare of the society by minimizing the deadweight loss incurred by the society. References: Allison, G. (2014). Evolution of US Electric Energy Regulation: From Natural Monopoly Regulation to Regulated Competition. Beckman, S., DeAngelo, G. J., Smith, J. W. (2014). Does Fairness Constrain Profit Maximization? New Evidence from a Dictator Monopoly Experiment.New Evidence from a Dictator Monopoly Experiment (March 20, 2014). Bs, D. (2014).Public enterprise economics: theory and application(Vol. 23). Elsevier. Ekelund Jr, R. B., Hbert, R. F. (2013).A history of economic theory and method. Waveland Press. Foster, J. B. (2014).The theory of monopoly capitalism. NYU Press. Heen, K. P. (2013). Monopoly Theory from a Finance Perspective. Hua, S. L. L. (2012). The Economic Analysis of China's Energy Type Monopoly Enterprises Development.Review of Public Sector Economics,1, 012. Joskow, P. L. (2014). Incentive regulation in theory and practice: electricity distribution and transmission networks. InEconomic Regulation and Its Reform: What Have We Learned?(pp. 291-344). University of Chicago Press. Joskow, P. L. (2014). Incentive regulation in theory and practice: electricity distribution and transmission networks. InEconomic Regulation and Its Reform: What Have We Learned?(pp. 291-344). University of Chicago Press. Leveque, F. (Ed.). (2013).Transport pricing of electricity networks. Springer Science Business Media. Nepal, R., Jamasb, T. (2015). Caught between theory and practice: Government, market, and regulatory failure in electricity sector reforms.Economic Analysis and Policy,46, 16-24. Varian, H. R. (2014).Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach: Ninth International Student Edition. WW Norton Company. Vikharev, S. (2013). Mathematical modeling of development and reconciling cooperation programs between natural monopoly and regional authorities. Vikharev, S. (2013). Verification of mathematical model of development cooperation programs between natural monopoly and regional authorities. Vining, A. R., Boardman, A. E., Moore, M. A. (2014). The theory and evidence pertaining to local government mixed enterprises.Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics,85(1), 53-86. Yan, Z. O. U., Chao, L. I. U. (2012). The Influence of Monopoly on Market Price And Social Equity.The Theory and Practice of Finance and Economics,6, 001.

Understanding financial crisis

Questions: 1. Explain why principles-based standards require a conceptual framework? 2. Why is it important that the IASB and FASB share a common conceptual framework? 3. It is suggested that several parties can benefit from a conceptual framework. Do you consider that a conceptual framework is more important for some parties than others? Explain your reasoning? 4. What is meant by a 'cross-cutting' issue? Suggest some possible examples of crosscutting issues? 5. What you think is the fundamental problem with financial statements based upon the historic cost measurement principle used under US GAAP? 6. What do you think of the principle' ... accounts must reflect economic reality' as a core principle of measurement in accounting? 7. How would you measure economic reality? 8. What is reliability in accounting? 9. The article states that the US standard setter FASB requires companies to record a provision in relation to environmental costs of retiring an asset if its fair value could be reasonably estimated. How do you think companies would go about estimating such a provision?10 What aspects of the requirements were used by US companies to defer recognition of a liability? 11. In what ways does the recognition of the liability in relation to future restoration activity affect net profit in the current year and future years; and cash flow in the current and future years? 12. The article refers to changes in disclosure requirements relating to environmental liabilities in many countries around the world is it that companies recognise the liability? Answers: Introduction: This given case study depicted about the IASB and FASB boards planning for develop a conceptual framework to help the users of all the financial documents. It has been planned by IASB to prepare a new conceptual framework by using the previous adopted principles. This step is planned by the boards to help the companys and its stakeholders to understand the financial condition of a company perfectly. This given study also described that many problems and critics has been faced by the boards for planning a new framework. A common conceptual framework is required for the boards to remove the complexities from the previous framework. This is also depicting about the similarities, difference, relevancy, importance etc. The case study depicts about US GAAP accounting techniques that is historical cost accounting. It says that this technique become quite outdated so US GAAP must replace this technique through launching a new technique or take consideration of any other board. It has also been said that fair value accounting would work well for the identification of real worth of the asset and present a true worth of the business. It has also been described that because of old technique boards as well as company had to face many problems so the country and the accounting standard board are thinking about the replacing of the technique. The case study explains that a countrys environment and society plays a very crucial role in life of an organization as well as an individual. It also found that now days it is quite important for every human being to take care about the environment and society. Every company must prepare such policies that it could also focus on the sustainability of the environment as well the welfare of the society. It depicts that every individual become so concern about the environment so if a company want to survive in the market, it is mandatory for the company to make such policies and follow them. These strategies would also help the company in attracting more investors. 1. Conceptual Framework: A conceptual framework is a technique used by individuals to do a work with full of perfection. Many principles, rules, tactics, regulations etc have been used by the preparer of the framework to make a good framework. In the consideration of accounting, a framework is theoretically prepared document to help the preparer of financial statements in preparing and presenting the good financial documents (Csikszentmihalyi and Larson, 2014). This framework is prepared by the boards after analyzing all the aspects, rules, assumptions, nature, guideline, principles etc to implement a great concept of accounting. Framework is a bundle of fundamentals that help every related party. Conceptual Framework requirement: The given case study describes that a revisiting of the framework has been started since 2002. This revision and the development of this framework lies on many objectives, characteristics, criteria and many more of both the boards i.e. IASB and FASB (Jones and Wolnizer, 2003). The main reason behind revisiting both the boards for prepare a common conceptual framework is making it easy for the follower of both the boards to prepare and understand the final financial documents. This revisiting has been done to introduce a new framework by considering all the great principles of both the boards. The case study also highlights that the main goal of the boards is to provide the easiness and perfectness to their client and it could be possible only if both the parties come together and analyze the principles together with the help of analyst and researchers. It would be easier for all the related parties to understand the documents in case of a common framework (Xia, Monroe and Cox, 2004). Thus it could be said that a common conceptual framework is very important for everyone to understand the position of the company, identify many issues in the company, sort out all the issues of the company and present the documents perfectly. 2. Importance of common conceptual framework: Through the study, it has been analyzed that the country (United States) has taken many steps to adopt the IFRS. And IFRS and FASB have planned to come together to develop and implement some new accounting standards. All the countries follow the different rules and accounting standards to prepare the financial documents. Thus it becomes complex sometimes for analyst to understand the real situation of a company (Ross, Westerfield and Jordan, 2008). Some of the standards and tactics of accounting depend upon many factors like transaction of business, nature of business, area where company is operated etc. thus it could be said that all the standards are different from each other and the result also differs from each other. IASM frameworks main motto is to assist and guide all the standards of accounting while making the financial statements. Next, this case study also depicts that a common framework would help the stakeholders, auditors, creditors, banks etc to analyze the finical condition of the company (Ross, Westerfield and Jordan, 2008). The FASB boards framework allow preparer to make financial statement according to individual interpretation. This is the main reason which differentiates both the boards. Thus, the main motto behind combine both the boards and make a common framework is because of resolving the disputes, help the users, ease in comparison etc. 3. Importance of common conceptual framework for different parties: Conceptual framework is a fundamental body of accounting. It provides a guideline to the financial statements provider to make and present the financial document in a great manner. Further, this framework could also help a company and its related parties to identify and analyze the true worth and condition of the organization (Narrow et al, 2013). The parties for whom the common framework would be beneficial is company, managers, CCFO, accountant, stakeholders, creditors, shareholders etc. The boards and all the above mentioned parties would be beneficiary in case of a common framework is implemented by the boards. But basically, it would be more helpful for the researchers and analyst as they dont have to research and analyze different principles, regulations etc to understand and analyze the condition of a company. 4. Cross Cutting issues: Cross cutting issues are those kinds of issues which occur at the time of combining different principles together. Cross cutting issues could be seen everywhere now days as the rules and regulations are different each other so an individual go through such process approx on daily basis (Hollander, Kim, Braun, Simeon and Zohar, 2009). These issues could also be described as such issues which could be arising as a special result at the time of analyzing a particular field and doing some operations. In accounting, cross cutting issues have special concern of. Some of the examples of cross cutting issues in accounting are related with presentation, tactics, standards, rules, understanding etc such as the issue between the IFRS and FARS related to their principle, the issue between the countries for their different framework etc (Kim, 2011). thus it could be said that it becomes tough for a person to understand all the principles and work accordingly. 5. Historical cost technique fundamental problems: Fundamental problems are those problems which are related with the principles, law and rules regulations. Historical cost accounting is a technique which depicts the purchasing value of an asset, no matter how much difference has been arise in the worth of that particular asset (Ross, Westerfield and Jordan, 2008). This case study explains that many problems have been faced by the US GAAP as analyst and researcher concluded through their studies that this technique is not at all relevant for any of the party. The main fundamental issues are such as it does not show the real worth of an asset, the written value of asset is not relevant, depreciation value is not realistic, it is not useful for the investors and analysts, it shows a higher profit of the company, the price level never get change, provisions value are fake etc (Pearce, Barbier and Markandya, 2013). thus it could be said that the existing technique has many fundamental issues in it. 6. Economic reality as core principle of accounting: The economic value and accounting value of an asset or business could differ and conflict sometimes but this situation could never be helpful for the chief financial officer, finance manger and accountant of a company as well as all the related parties. As CFO has to deal with creditors, lenders, analyst, investor and many more of the company and it is compulsory for him to present a true value of his business to them (Uno and Bartelmus, 2013). It has also been studied that those countries that are following the fair value technique could also mislead their investors but the chances are rare. It also analyzed that both the technique have some issues but if a comparison analysis has been done on both than it is suggested to opt the fair value technique (Laux and Leuz, 2009). As this technique at least help the investors to find the real worth of the business and analysis that the worth is honest or fake and it could also be check that the provisions are of true value. Thus it could be said that economic value could play a role of core principle of accounting. 7. Economic reality measurement: Economic reality is the real value or worth of a business according to the current situation and economic condition. It becomes compulsory for a business to identify the economic reality to present a fair statement of finance (Laux and Leuz, 2009). This method is to identify the business and its transactions nature to determine the real worth of organization under many circumstances. It helps a business in identifying the real worth. Economic reality measurement could be done on the basis of fair value accounting. However, every country opts the different method for identify the economic value according to their nature of business, worth of business, their standards, principles, frameworks etc. the main reason for determine the economic value is to make the statements more reliable. There are many factors which affect the measurement techniques and it is not possible for make a control on all the factors worldwide (Moser and Ekstrom, 2010). But country could manage all the factors lies in it. More, it has also been observed that some factors do not create an issue like provisions and depreciation. So it could be said that measurement techniques are not same at all the places but it is suggested to the board to implement the fair value accounting technique to determine the worth of economic reality (Zio, 2009). 8. Reliability concept in Accounting: Reliability is the main factor in every part of an individual. If an individual find reliability in anything, than only he get attracted towards that. Basically, it is the quantitative information. Reliability only takes place when all the information is error free and bias free. In accounting, the reliability depends upon the honesty accountant show at the time of making the final documents (Mellino et al, 2015). The basic principle of reliability is faithfulness and verifiability. The reliability of accounting depends upon the proofs and their verification like invoices, bills, receipts, statements, documents, documents from third party etc. all the proofs must be cross verified by the investor before taking any decision. Sometimes, it become tough for the investor to check that the documents are reliable or not because of some factors like provisions, depreciation etc (Low, Lacasse and Nadim, 2007). So board must also introduce some new principles to generate the reliability. Thus it could be said that reliability is very important in a business. A person could make himself reliable only if he found that all the evidences are in the favor of the statements. 9. Companys environmental provisions liability: It has been found that every individual as well as organization have few liabilities for the place they are living, the society they are serving and the environment. Mostly the reasons behind pollutions are manufacturing waste. So it is mandatory for the companies to make such strategies through which the pollution could be reduce and society needs not to face that much harm (Bezemer, 2010). An accountant is obligated to record about these expenditure too so that all the parties get to know about it. Board has planned a framework to record such kind of expenditure (Whittington, 2008). Some company thinks that spending money on such policies or society is a waste and it occurs the more cost but if it has been talked in a broad manner than it is compulsory for every business to grab more market and attract more investors. Company is a part of the society so it becomes a duty of the company to serve the society in a well manner (Glasson, Therivel and Chadwick, 2013). So an accountant must prepare a special provision and budget while preparing the financial documents. 10. Liability Recognition requirement: All the organizations worldwide are required to follow the guidelines of their board to make provisions for the welfare of the society and retaining a less polluting environment. Every board has different guidelines, but for sure it all are focusing for retaining good environment. FASB explains that every organization which are having polluting assets need to maintain a different provision for the society to save the environment (Schroeder, Clark and Cathey, 2001). More, it has also been said that a good provision could only be made if company follow the new technique i.e. fair value accounting. If a business do not follow such rules than it becomes tough for the company to remain in the market. However, it has also been analyzed that such provisions helps a company in developing its operations and attract the more finance from the market (Hk, Moldan and Dahl, 2012). It is also said that if a business want to be in the market for a long period than it should spend some of its amount in saving the environment and help the human community or society to grow up. Many companies who are focusing on the sustainability have achieved a high growth in the market. 11. Effect of Liability Recognition: Policies on sustainability, saving environment, society welfare, corporate social reasonability etc leads an organization towards a great investment. As company need to spend lot of money and that money is not at all helpful for the companys products and lead it to a high investment. Further, it has also analyzed that there are many attributes due to that the cost of capital would increase but this investment would be inn favor of the company to attract the investors and stakeholders (Evangelinos, Nikolaou and Leal, 2015). The net profitability condition of the company might decrease because of such expenditure but ultimately it would be beneficiary for the company. Thus the planning and implementation of such policies is important to enhance the total profit of the company. If cash flow is taking concern of than it has been analyzed that such cost and spending amount could decrease the percentile of profit but with the time the total profit amount would be higher because people and investor would start showing trust on that organization. Thus it could be said that it is necessary for a company to maintain some reserve and provisions for such policies to attract and gain the profit of all the investors, stakeholders, customers, society etc (Manfredi et al, 2015). a great maintenance of such policies would lead the organization on more profitability path and this would also help the organization in retaining in the market for long term. 12. Environmental Liability disclosure: Liability is a kind of duty that is has to perform by every individual. Normally, every human being has some responsibilities and liabilities towards its environment. Basically, if an organization is taking concern of than the main factor behind environment loss is manufacturing waste (Arena, Conte and Melacini, 2015). Environment could also destroy by doing some polluting stuff by company. Individuals are showing more concern towards their environment now days. So it is almost compulsory for the management to take a step towards saving the environment. So it is compulsory for every organization and their manager to maintain different budget for the sustainability of environment (Hk, Moldan and Dahl, 2012). This is important to measure the performance and its enhancement on environment. This is important in enhancing the goodwill value too. Now days it becomes a trend in organizations to spend money on sustainability and CSR. A good policy of recognition could help the company in enhancing its worth and goodwill value. Conclusion: It can be said through doing a study on the case and other published books that IFRS and FASB have different principles and their reporting principles are also different from each other. So it creates a problem for the analyst and researchers. It is suggested to the board to make a common framework for the easiness of the parties. It could be said by doing a study on the given case study that US is suggested to the change the accounting technique of cost and introduce the new technique i.e. fair value accounting technique. It has been found that the existed technique is quite old and it is not at all useful now for the investors and it doesnt depict a true value of accounts. So it is compulsory for the country to make changes. Fair value accounting would be more helpful for every party as it depicts the true worth of asset as well as business. Through this study, it could be concluded that society and environment around a company plays an important role in enhancing the worth of business. This factor also helps the company in enhancing the worth. A business needs to pay more attention towards such factors. Referencing: Arena, M., Conte, A., and Melacini, M, 2015. Linking environmental accounting to reward systems: the case of the Environmental Profit and Loss Account. Journal of Cleaner Production, 108, 625-636. Bezemer, D. J., 2010. Understanding financial crisis through accounting models. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 35(7), 676-688. Csikszentmihalyi, M., and Larson, R., 2014. Validity and reliability of the experience-sampling method. In Flow and the Foundations of Positive Psychology (pp. 35-54). Springer Netherlands. Evangelinos, K., Nikolaou, I., and Leal Filho, W., 2015. The Effects of Climate Change Policy on the Business Community: A Corporate Environmental Accounting Perspective. 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